01.Generality
The dermatitis of the face is a disorder of the skin that can cause many inconveniences to people who suffer from it.
In the course of the article, the main forms of facial dermatitis will be analyzed, for which symptoms, clinical manifestations, causes and possible treatments will be described.
02. Perioral dermatitis
Perioral dermatitis is a particular type of facial dermatitis that affects the perioral area (that is, the area around the mouth). It is a disease that mainly affects women of childbearing age and children.
Symptoms and Clinical Manifestations
The clinical manifestations of this form of facial dermatitis are located near the mouth. Generally, the disorder begins with the appearance of erythematous papules at the level of the nasolabial folds which then extend around the mouth. In the chin area, however, itchy red spots may appear ; while the skin surrounding the lesions appears dry and red. Other symptoms that can manifest in the presence of this type of facial dermatitis consist of burning of the mouth and pain.Causes
However, it is believed that factors may be involved in the etiology of perioral dermatitis, such as:
- Hormonal alterations;
- Environmental and climatic factors (in particular, exposure to light and wind);
- Stress ;
- Presence of infectious agents ( bacteria , fungi, ectoparasites such as Demodex folliculorum , etc.).
- Furthermore, it has been noted that the use of topical corticosteroids can negatively influence and worsen the manifestations of the disease.
Cures and Treatments
Of course, cleaning and skin care are essential and must be done using suitable products.
03. Seborrheic Facial Dermatitis
Seborrheic Facial Dermatitis
Seborrheic dermatitis is usually localized at the level of the scalp, but it can also occur in the areas of the face that are richest in the sebaceous glands , such as, for example, near the eyebrows , the furrows of the nose , the chin or around the ears .
Symptoms and Clinical Manifestations
Seborrheic facial dermatitis is characterized by the presence of inflammation and the formation and consequent loss of oily scales . The skin is highly irritated and red; moreover, the disease can often be associated with folliculitis .Causes
Seborrheic facial dermatitis is very common in people with oily skin , but the exact underlying causes of the disease have not yet been pinpointed. However, it is believed that the disorder may be triggered by infections sustained by fungi belonging to the genus Malassezia ( M. furfur and M. globosa ). In addition, there are many risk factors that may be implicated in the onset of seborrheic-type facial dermatitis. Among these, we mention a few:- Genetic predisposition;
- Stress;
- Hormonal alterations;
- Taking certain types of medications;
- Changes in the functionality of the immune system .
- Cures and Treatments
- Unfortunately, there is no real cure for seborrheic-type facial dermatitis. However, products or medications can be used to control symptoms and manifestations. For example, salicylic acid or zinc based products can be used ; while in severe cases, it is possible to resort to the use of corticosteroid drugs or antifungals . In any case, the dermatologist will decide which treatment best suits each patient.
Finally, we remind you of the importance of facial hygiene which must be cleansed and cared for with delicate and quality products.
04.Contact dermatitis
Contact dermatitis of the face
Contact dermatitis of the face can occur after contact with irritants , or after contact with allergenic substances. For this reason, two forms can be distinguished: irritative contact dermatitis (DIC) and allergic contact dermatitis (DAC).
In order for this type of facial dermatitis to occur, generally, contact with the substances mentioned above must be direct.
Symptoms and Clinical Manifestations
Contact dermatitis of the face is characterized by the appearance of redness , irritation , swelling , even very intense itching and blistering . In some cases, de- epithelialization can also be seen .
Causes
The causes of contact dermatitis are different:Irritative contact dermatitis : this form of facial dermatitis is triggered when the skin of the face is placed in contact with irritating substances such as, for example, detergents or make-up products that are too aggressive, unsuitable for your skin type and / or of poor quality.
Allergic contact dermatitis: this type of facial dermatitis occurs when the skin of the face comes into contact with substances capable of triggering an excessive and abnormal response by the immune system ( allergic reaction ). Examples of such substances are certain types of metals (e.g. nickel ), latex , topical medications, etc.
Cures and Treatments
The main treatment of contact dermatitis lies in avoiding the "offending" substances (both irritative and allergenic) capable of giving rise to the disorder. To do this, of course, it is necessary to identify exactly which agent is responsible for the irritation or allergic reaction.In order to relieve symptoms and facilitate healing, the doctor may decide to prescribe the use of topical or possibly oral corticosteroid drugs to the patient . Needless to say, drugs of this type should only be used if prescribed by a doctor.
05. Atopic type facial dermatitis
Atopic type facial dermatitis
The atopic dermatitis - also known as eczema, atopic - can affect any area of the body, including the face.Usually, this form of dermatitis appears in children and rarely occurs in adulthood or later in life .
Symptoms and Clinical Manifestations
The onset of atopic facial dermatitis is characterized by the appearance of erythema , dry skin , itching , blistering and crusting . Man hand that the disease progresses, they may occur more severe symptoms such as itching intense, hyperkeratosis and fissures . Furthermore, the skin is more susceptible to the contraction of various types of infections (superinfections).Causes
There is no single cause that can trigger atopic-type facial dermatitis. In fact, it is believed that the pathology can be triggered by several factors that contribute to each other. Among these, we remember:- Genetic factors;
- Environmental factors and pollution;
- Stress;
- Exposure to irritants;
- Predisposition to certain types of allergies.
Cures and Treatments
The treatment of atopic dermatitis usually involves the use of topical corticosteroid drugs . In severe cases, however, the doctor may decide to resort to the use of oral corticosteroids, or even to the use of immunosuppressants (they are not first choice drugs).In the event that atopic-type facial dermatitis is associated with allergic manifestations , the dermatologist may consider prescribing antihistamine drugs to the patient .
In the case of superinfections, however, the doctor may decide to administer antibiotic, antiviral or antifungal drugs , depending on the pathogen responsible for the infection.
Finally, the use of products with an emollient action can prove useful to obtain relief from the symptoms of the disease.
Comments
Post a Comment